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there are 3 entities with unicode strings::1 - The bytes according to the encoding used (UTF-8, UTF-16 Big Endian, UTF-16 Little endian, UTF-32)2 - The unicode code points - The union of one or more bytes compose the code points
3 - And the trickest of they, the glyphs. One or more unicode code points compose a single glyph.
Example: This flag "🏴" is composed of 7 unicode code points, these code-points encoded as UTF-8 occupies 14 bytes.A single glyph (the flag) is composed by 7 unicode code points, or 14 UTF-8 bytes..